Is demeanor essential in management?

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According to Bennis & Thomas (2002), developing a sound mind and maintaining good health can help individuals cope with adversity, challenges, and problems rather than seeking a life free of difficulties. In reality, facing adversity is a common experience. Warren Bennis, a prominent author of many leadership articles and books on business administration and leadership theory, emphasizes that "the journey that turns any individual into a leader is a lonely one" (Bennis & Thomas, 2002, p. 96). Furthermore, we can draw wisdom from the ancient Stoic philosopher Epictetus, who suggested that "if it is true, it is possible to do everything both with caution and confidence" (Adler, 1952, p. 138). How do leaders find a balance between caution and confidence?

In his discourses, Epictetus discusses the concept of transforming from a person exhibiting insolent behavior to someone who leads a dignified life characterized by respectability, sincerity, and independence (Adler, 1952, p. 238). Often, leaders do not demonstrate noble, genuine attitudes or a willingness to help others. Instead, as noted by other scholars, many are opportunistic, using others to achieve their own goals (Rooke & Torbert, 2011).

The idea of training young men is highlighted in discussions about developing essential qualities, as demonstrated in the story of young men training in the wrestling arts. When they fail in a match, they are encouraged to stand up and try again, thereby exercising their will. A stoic approach emphasizes the importance of adhering to one's will and improving one's inner life to succeed in any task.

Epictetus discusses this concept (Adler, 1952, p. 238) by outlining how to eliminate insolent, arrogant, and audacious behavior. He suggests a method of self-talk, where individuals speak inwardly to themselves, denouncing such behavior. The person most capable of persuading oneself to change is oneself. One should engage in reflection and introspection while holding oneself accountable for one's actions and behaviors; it is valuable advice, but it can be challenging to put into practice.

References:

Adler, Mortimer J. (1952). The Discourses of Epictetus. In The Great Books of the Western World. (Vol. 12, pp. 101-245). Encyclopedia Britannica.

Bennis, W. G., & Thomas, R. J. (2002). Geeks & geezers: How era, values, and defining moments shape leaders. Harvard Business School Press.

Rooke, D., & Torbert, W. R. (2005). Seven Transformations of Leadership. Harvard Business Review, 83(4), 66–76.